Organic Functional Groups · SHS2 Chemistry

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.3.2.LI.4 - Explain the structure, nomenclature, preparation, properties and uses of alkanols as well as their characteristics test.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Generate the general formula and structural formulae of alkanols up to C6 and classify them as primary, secondary or tertiary alkanols.
Apply IUPAC rules to name straight-chain and branched alkanols up to C6, including their isomers.
Compare the preparation of ethanol by fermentation and by hydration of ethene, and outline the laboratory preparation of an alkanol.
Predict and write balanced chemical equations for the reactions of alkanols, including combustion, reaction with sodium, dehydration, esterification, oxidation, iodoform reaction and the Lucas test.
Evaluate the uses of alkanols in the home, hospital, pharmaceutical industries and laboratories, and assess the advantages and disadvantages of biofuels.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Chemistry of Carbon Compounds (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Organic Functional Groups (3.2)
Content standard: 2.3.2.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of source, structure, nomenclature, properties and uses of organic compounds as well as the characteristic test for their functional groups. 2.3.2.LO.1 Explain the source, structure, nomenclature, properties, uses of the various classes of organic compounds and the test for their functional groups.
Indicator: 2.3.2.LI.4 - Explain the structure, nomenclature, preparation, properties and uses of alkanols as well as their characteristics test.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 17 (Week 37 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 88

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Collaborative Learning Approach:
- Through think-pair-share approach, generate the formulae of alkanols up to C6.
- Describe the classes and isomers of alkanols.
- Apply IUPAC rules to name Alkanols up to C6 and their isomers.
Experiential Learning:
- Prepare alkanols in the laboratory.
- Compare and contract the preparation of ethanol by fermentation and hydration and discuss the physical properties of alkanols.
Activity-Based Learning:
- Watch video or use virtual laboratory to investigate or write the following reactions of alkanols; dehydration, esterification, substitution (reaction with phosphorus trihalides), metals, oxidation of primary and secondary alkanols, iodoform reaction and Lucas reaction.
- Describe some synthetic pathways involving alkanols
- Discuss the use of ethanol at home, hospital, pharmaceutical industries and research work in Chemistry and related science laboratories.
Project-Based Learning:
- In a small mixed-ability group, plan and design alcohol breath analyser using potassium dichromate. (STEM application)
- Discuss energy efficiency by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of biofuels.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- * Molecular models * Video of greenhouse effect, toxicity of CO, acid rain * Worksheets with task on naming, isomer, and properties * Worksheets with tasks on naming, isomers, properties, uses of alkenes * Video of preparation of ethyne * Worksheets with tasks on naming, isomers, properties, uses of alkynes * Materials to design alcohol breath analyser Kit for esterification reactions * Na, NaHCO , PCl , C H OH, LiAlH * Worksheets on reactions of benzene
- WEBSITE * Virtual lab/video on laboratory and reactions of alkanoic acids * Virtual lab/video on laboratory and industrial preparation of alcohol
- 3 5 2 5
- YEAR THREE
- 4
- * Virtual labs on preparation of
- Virtual lab on preparation of
- Videos on the topic:
- CHARTS * Charts on homologous series column * Charts on uses of alkynes * Charts on uses of alkenes * Chart on uses of benzene
- Chart on classes of alcohols,
- Chart on uses of alkanoic acids * Chart on molecular orbital
- alkene, test for alkenes alkynes khanacademy.org
- of alkanes, fractionating
- uses of alkanols
- theory of benzene
Assessment (2.3.2.AS.4). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.