Number Operations · JHS1 Mathematics

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: B7.1.2.1.3 - Apply mental mathematics strategies to solve word problems.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Solve word problems using mental addition and subtraction strategies, interpreting phrases like “sum”, “difference”, “increase by”, and “what must be added to make”.
Solve word problems using mental multiplication and division strategies, interpreting phrases like “product”, “times”, “share”, and “how many times does it go into”.
Apply mental mathematics strategies such as breaking numbers apart, using benchmarks, and compensation to solve at least five multi-step word problems without a calculator.
Create their own one-step mental mathematics word problems based on real-life situations and solve them mentally.
Justify their choice of mental strategy when solving a given word problem.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Number (Strand 1)
Sub-strand: Number Operations (1.2)
Content standard: B7.1.2.1 - Apply mental mathematics strategies and number properties used to solve problems
Indicator: B7.1.2.1.3 - Apply mental mathematics strategies to solve word problems.
Suggested placement: Term 1, Week 4 (Week 4 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: Mathematics, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 8
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

E.g. 1. Play mental mathematics games: - learners use mental strategies to perform the following;
i. addition using words like plus, add, calculate the sum, increase a number by, and find the total;
ii. subtraction using words like minus, from a number take, , find the difference, and what must be added to make;
iii. multiplication using words like times, multiply, find the product, square, and what must be divided by … to give …;
iv. division using words like divide, share, how many times does it go into? and what must be multiplied by … to give …
E.g.2. Play mental mathematics games: Find the cost of three 5 kg bags of rice at ₵2 per kg.
i. What is the cost of 1 dozen of eggs at 80 pesewas each?
ii. 8 x 99.
iii. 28 x 25.
iv. How many 21cm pieces can I cut off a string one metre long?
v. What fraction of a litre is 250ml?
vi. The area of a square board is 81 cm 2 . What is its perimeter?
vii. Two angles of a triangle add up to 98 o . What is the size of the third angle?
viii. How many minutes are there from 10.15 a.m. to noon?
ix. What is 60 pesewas as a decimal of ₵2.40?