Number and Numeration Systems · JHS2 Mathematics

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: B8.1.1.2.1 - Use the concept of sets to identify perfect squares and determine the square roots. Use the knowledge on sets and sets of factors of numbers to solve problems

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define a perfect square as a number obtained by multiplying a whole number by itself.
Use sets and listing of factors to identify whether a given number is a perfect square.
Determine the square root of a perfect square by listing factors in pairs and by the method of subtracting consecutive odd numbers.
Apply the knowledge of perfect squares and square roots to solve simple word problems.
Justify why a number is or is not a perfect square using evidence from its factors.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Number (Strand 1)
Sub-strand: Number and Numeration Systems (1.1)
Content standard: B8.1.1.2 - Apply the concepts and vocabulary of sets on sets of factors of numbers to identify perfect squares, determine their square root and solve real life problems involving union and intersection of two sets
Indicator: B8.1.1.2.1 - Use the concept of sets to identify perfect squares and determine the square roots. Use the knowledge on sets and sets of factors of numbers to solve problems
Suggested placement: Term 1, Week 4 (Week 4 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: Mathematics, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 92
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

E.g. 1. Identify perfect squares or perfect numbers.
(i) List sets of multiples of numbers and identify a set of perfect numbers among them
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, … 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 18, … 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, … Perfect squares 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, …...
E.g. 2. Use the knowledge on odd numbers to determine the square root of perfect numbers.
(i) Determine the square root of 49. Think subtract the consecutive odd numbers starting from 1 from 49 until the remainder is zero. Then count the number of odd numbers subtracted as the square root of the given number.