Energy · JHS3 Science

Lesson notes

Indicator: B9.4.1.2.3 - Describe the formation of shadows.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define a shadow as a dark region formed when an opaque object blocks the path of light.
Explain, with the aid of simple ray diagrams, how a shadow is formed using a point source and an extended source of light.
Distinguish between umbra and penumbra, stating how each is formed.
Use the terms umbra and penumbra to describe the features of a shadow cast by an extended light source such as a torch or the sun.
Present a clear oral explanation of shadow formation to a small group, using appropriate scientific vocabulary.

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Strand: Forces and Energy (Strand 4)
Sub-strand: Energy (4.1)
Content standard: B9.4.1.2 - Demonstrate understanding in and the capability to do calculations involving energy.
Indicator: B9.4.1.2.3 - Describe the formation of shadows.
Suggested placement: Term 2, Week 7 (Week 19 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: Science, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 108
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

1. Discuss the terms umbra and penumbra in relation to the formation of shadows and explain how they are formed.