Energy · JHS3 Science

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: B9.4.1.3.1 - Demonstrate that light changes path when it travels from one medium to a different medium.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Explain that light travels in a straight line through a single medium, but changes direction when it passes from one medium to another of different optical density.
Demonstrate refraction by observing a rod or pencil appearing bent when placed at an angle in water.
Compare the apparent depth of water in a container with its real depth and explain why the pool looks shallower than it actually is.
Identify at least three everyday situations in Ghana where refraction of light is noticed (e.g., a fish looking bigger in water, a coin appearing raised in a bowl of water, the sun visible before actual sunrise).

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Curriculum details

Strand: Forces and Energy (Strand 4)
Sub-strand: Energy (4.1)
Content standard: B9.4.1.3 - Evaluate the application of light energy in life.
Indicator: B9.4.1.3.1 - Demonstrate that light changes path when it travels from one medium to a different medium.
Suggested placement: Term 2, Week 9 (Week 21 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: Science, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 108
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

1. Carry out a practical activity to show that light bends as it travels from one medium to another. E.g. A rod appears bent in water; deep water appears shallow than its real depth.