Characterisation of Organic… · SHS2 Chemistry

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.3.1.LI.1 - Apply the concept of hybridization to explain sigma and pi bond of organic compounds and explain their structure and bonding.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define hybridization and state the three common types (sp³, sp², sp) that occur in carbon compounds.
Describe how sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds are formed through end-to-end (co-axial) and sideways (lateral) overlap of atomic orbitals respectively.
Construct molecular models of ethane, ethene and ethyne using modelling clay and toothpicks, and identify the sigma and pi bonds in each structure.
Predict the number of sigma and pi bonds in a given organic molecule from its structural formula.
Relate the presence of pi bonds to the reactivity of unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethene and ethyne.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Chemistry of Carbon Compounds (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Characterisation of Organic Compounds (3.1)
Content standard: 2.3.1.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of multiple bonds and use it to account for the structure of compounds. 2.3.1.LO.1 Describe sigma and pi bonds of carbon compounds and explain their structure and bonding.
Indicator: 2.3.1.LI.1 - Apply the concept of hybridization to explain sigma and pi bond of organic compounds and explain their structure and bonding.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 12 (Week 32 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 84

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Exploratory Learning:
- In small mixed-ability groups, use molecular models to construct carbon-carbon double bond and carbon-carbon triple bond.
- Use the models constructed to describe how carbon-carbon double bond and carboncarbon triple bond are formed.
Inquiry-Based Learning: With the aid of relevant videos, charts or pictures brainstorm to come out with the formation of pi and sigma bonds in unsaturated hydrocarbons either through the liner/co-axial or lateral/sideway overlap of orbitals.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- * Molecular models * Worksheet on task on pi bond formation
- * Toothpicks and modelling * Videos on the topic:
- clay khanacademy.org
Assessment (2.3.1.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.