SHS1 Biology · Semester 2 Week 12: Diseases and Infections

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.3.3.LI.1 - Discuss common disease-causing organisms, their transmission, their effect on humans and the measures which could be taken to reduce or prevent their spread.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Identify at least five common disease-causing organisms (Plasmodium, Taenia, Schistosoma, Ascaris, Hookworm) and state the diseases they cause.
Describe the mode of transmission and the life cycle stage relevant to infection for each of these organisms.
Explain the effects of these organisms on the human body, including symptoms and long-term consequences.
Evaluate the effectiveness of at least three preventive or control measures for each disease discussed.
Design a community awareness plan to reduce the spread of one common disease in their locality, justifying each step with knowledge of the organism’s life cycle.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Diversity of Living Things and Their Environment (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Diseases and Infections (3.3)
Content standard: 1.3.3.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the life cycles of common disease-causing organisms, and their effects on humans and the environment. 1.3.3.LO.1 Apply the knowledge of the life cycles of common diseasecausing organisms, to stop or prevent their effects on humans and other living things.
Indicator: 1.3.3.LI.1 - Discuss common disease-causing organisms, their transmission, their effect on humans and the measures which could be taken to reduce or prevent their spread.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 12 (Week 32 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 56

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Project-Based Learning: learners in mixed-ability, all-inclusive groups, gather data on common diseases among humans and livestock within the environment (malaria by Plasmodium, tapeworm infestations, Schistosoma, Ascaris and Hookworm etc.), and discuss the diseases identified, including the vectors, causative organism's agents, their life cycles, symptoms and control or preventive measures to curb them: learners are assigned specific roles in group work; this allows learners to be self-initiating and develop confidence; learners learn to humbly accept suggested answers from peers; learners show love and care for one another as they are placed in groups.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- * Computer/projectors/TV/smart phones * Pen drive * Pictures * Permanent slides of Plasmodium
- * Tapeworm * Ascaris and hookworm schistosoma * Fasciola
Assessment (1.3.3.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 3 Strategic reasoning; Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.