Text Types and Purposes · JHS3 English Language

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: B9.4.2.1.2 - Use different narrative techniques to manipulate time in a story. Compose narrative essays showing the following: backstory, flashback and flash forward, foreshadowing, and expression of feelings and thoughts through free writing on self-selected topics, using emotive/sensory details.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define and distinguish between backstory, flashback, flash forward, and foreshadowing as narrative techniques for manipulating time.
Identify each narrative technique in a given short passage and explain how it affects the flow of the story.
Use flashback and backstory to reveal a character’s past when composing a short narrative paragraph.
Use flash forward and foreshadowing to hint at or show future events in a narrative paragraph.
Compose a short narrative essay of about 150 words that deliberately employs at least two narrative techniques and includes emotive or sensory details.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Writing (Strand 4)
Sub-strand: Text Types and Purposes (4.2)
Content standard: B9.4.2.1 - Use a process approach to compose descriptive, narrative/ imaginative, informational and persuasive, argumentative texts
Indicator: B9.4.2.1.2 - Use different narrative techniques to manipulate time in a story. Compose narrative essays showing the following:
Suggested placement: Term 3, Week 3 (Week 27 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: English Language, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 92
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

- Backstory
- Flashback and flash forward
- Foreshadowing
- Express feelings and thoughts through free writing on self-selected topics, using emotive/ sensory details