Production and… · JHS2 English Language

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: B8.4.1.1.1 - Demonstrate understanding of how different sentences relate within a paragraph using appropriate cohesive devices (e.g., connectors, pronouns, repetition of vocabulary or grammatical structures)

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Identify at least five different types of cohesive devices (logical connectors, pronouns, repetition of vocabulary, synonyms, and antonyms) in a given paragraph.
Classify logical connectors according to their function (time, condition, purpose, reason, result, concession, place, manner).
Use pronouns correctly to replace repeated nouns and create smoother links between sentences in a paragraph.
Write a cohesive paragraph of at least six sentences on a given topic, using a combination of logical connectors, pronouns, and repeated vocabulary or synonyms.
Revise a poorly linked paragraph by adding appropriate cohesive devices to improve its flow and meaning.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Writing (Strand 4)
Sub-strand: Production and Distribution of Writing (4.1)
Content standard: B8.4.1.1 - Develop, organise and express ideas coherently and cohesively in writing
Indicator: B8.4.1.1.1 - Demonstrate understanding of how different sentences relate within a paragraph using appropriate cohesive devices (e.g., connectors, pronouns, repetition of vocabulary or grammatical structures)
Suggested placement: Term 2, Week 12 (Week 24 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: English Language, Common Core Programme (JHS1-JHS3), 2023, p. 56
Transcribed from the official NaCCA publication. Check this page against the source.

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

- Use logical connectors to create a cohesive paragraph.
  E.g.
  - time clauses: when, before, after, since, while, as, until
  - conditional clauses: if, unless
  - purpose clauses: in order to, so that
  - reason clauses: because, since, as
  - result clauses: so that
  - concessive clauses: although, though, while
  - place clauses: where, wherever
  - clauses of manner: as, like, the way.
- Use pronouns to connect ideas in paragraphs.
  E.g.
  - subject pronouns (he, she, they, etc.)
  - object pronouns (me, him, them, etc.)
  - demonstrative pronouns (these, this, those, that)
- Use repetition of words, synonyms and antonyms to create a cohesive paragraph (i.e. a paragraph with links that hold it together and give it meaning).
- Use defining and non-defining relative clauses to expand sentences.
- Use noun phrases, adjectival phrases and adverbial phrases to expand sentences.
NB. Use logical connectors, pronouns and the repetition of words, synonyms and antonyms to create a cohesive text (i.e. a text in which sentences and paragraphs are linked together to show meaning and beauty).