Powering the Future with… · SHS2 General Science

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.3.1.LI.2 - Explain the principle of the transformer and its function.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define a transformer and state its two main parts (primary coil and secondary coil) in their own words.
Explain how electromagnetic induction allows a transformer to change the voltage of an alternating current.
Distinguish between a step-up transformer and a step-down transformer, stating the effect of each on voltage and current.
Calculate the output voltage of a transformer using the turns ratio formula (Vp/Vs = Np/Ns) for simple whole-number examples.
Describe at least two practical uses of step-up and step-down transformers in Ghana’s electricity transmission system.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Vigour Behind Life (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Powering the Future with Energy Forms (3.1)
Content standard: 2.3.1.CS.1 - Demonstrate understanding of electricity as a form of energy. 2.3.1.LO.1 Construct and analyse electric circuits in determining resistance, potential difference, and current and distinguish between step-up and step-down transformers.
Indicator: 2.3.1.LI.2 - Explain the principle of the transformer and its function.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 2 (Week 22 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 72

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Demonstrate the build-up and usage of step-up and step-down transformers using practical activities.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- PHET simulations, pictures, videos, charts and models showing sources of electrical energy.
- LEDs, bulbs, dry cells, connecting wires and switches.
- Meter, Videos, pictures and charts showing meter readings.
- Testers, sockets.
- Metal pins, rubber cap of injection bottle, connecting wires, distilled water, drinking water, vinegar, sugar solution and lemon juice.
- Pictures and charts of step-up and step-down transformers.
Assessment (2.3.1.AS.2). The document marks no depth-of-knowledge level for this indicator.
53 on how the transformer works