Matter and Its Properties · SHS1 Chemistry

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.1.1.LI.6 - Design and perform experiments to prepare and test for gases (hydrogen, ammonia and carbon (IV) oxide gases).

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Design a laboratory setup for the preparation of each of hydrogen, ammonia and carbon (IV) oxide gases, naming the reactants, apparatus and conditions required.
Perform the experiments to prepare each of the three gases, following correct safety procedures and handling apparatus with care.
Test for each gas using appropriate chemical tests (pop test for hydrogen, damp red litmus paper for ammonia, limewater for carbon (IV) oxide) and record accurate observations.
Explain, using the kinetic theory of matter learned earlier, why each gas is collected by the method chosen (downward delivery, upward delivery, or over water).
State at least two everyday uses of each gas and connect these uses to the properties they have observed in the laboratory.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Physical Chemistry (Strand 1)
Sub-strand: Matter and Its Properties (1.1)
Content standard: 1.1.1.CS.3 - Demonstrate understanding of the use of the kinetic theory of matter to explain the behaviour of solids, liquids and gases under different conditions and describe the laboratory preparation of gases as well as their uses in everyday life. 1.1.1.LO.1 Use the knowledge and understanding of the scientific practices in Chemistry to explain the structure of the atom as well as the stability of its nucleus. 1.1.1.LO.2 Use the mole concept to determine the amount and quantity of various substances involved in chemical reactions. 1.1.1.LO.3 Write mole ratios for chemical equations and apply it in quantitative analysis. 1.1.1.LO.4 Use the kinetic theory of matter to explain the behaviour of solids, liquids and gases under different conditions and describe the laboratory preparation of gases as well as their uses in everyday life.
Indicator: 1.1.1.LI.6 - Design and perform experiments to prepare and test for gases (hydrogen, ammonia and carbon (IV) oxide gases).
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 3 (Week 23 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 40

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Collaborative Learning: In small mixed-ability groups,
- Discuss the properties of each of the following gases: hydrogen, carbon (IV) oxide and ammonia.
- State their uses in everyday life.
Experiential Learning:
- Perform experiments to prepare hydrogen, ammonia and carbon (IV) oxide gas.
- Create charts to illustrate the experimental setup for the preparation of each of the gases.
- Make deductions on each practical activity. NB: Where apparatus is not available, virtual laboratory or video can be used.
- Melting point determination
- Chemical goggles
- Lime
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- apparatus * Chart to illustrate the behaviour of particles * [Simulations (PHET), video, virtual laboratory can be used here] * Graph board * Graph sheets * Long cylindrical transparent glass tube * Small wads cotton wool * Forceps or bungs (to fit into the ends of the glass tube) * Conc. HCl and Conc. NH
- 3
- * Protective gloves * * Retort stand with clamps * Strip of universal indicator paper * *
- Calculator * Worksheets with steps for the calculation
- Gas preparation kits
- Wooden splint
- water * Marble chips
- Hydrochloric acid * Magnesium ribbon
- Calcium hydroxide * Ammonium chloride etc.
- Universal litmus paper
Assessment (1.1.1.AS.6). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.