Maps: Their Elements and Analyses · SHS2 Geography

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.2.1.LI.3 - Determine directions and bearings

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

State the eight cardinal and intercardinal points of the compass and describe how direction is expressed on a topographical map.
Explain the difference between true bearing, magnetic bearing and grid bearing, and identify which is measured on a topographical map.
Measure the grid bearing of a place from a given point on a topographical map using a protractor, recording it in degrees and minutes.
Determine and state the direction of one place from another using compass points.
Apply direction and bearing skills to solve map-reading problems involving real places on a Ghana topographical map.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Navigating Our Environment (Strand 2)
Sub-strand: Maps: Their Elements and Analyses (2.1)
Content standard: 2.2.1.CS.1 - 2.2.1.CS.1 Demonstrate skill in map analysis 2.2.1.LO.1 Using the knowledge from maps and scales, reproduce maps, measure distances and areas, determine direction and bearings, and draw cross-sectional profiles between places
Indicator: 2.2.1.LI.3 - Determine directions and bearings
Suggested placement: Semester 1, Week 18 (Week 18 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 75

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Talk for Learning: Using videos, maps and other relevant resources, Initiate a class discussion on the processes of measuring bearing and determining direction of places on a map,
Exploratory Learning
- Work in pairs to find the direction and bearing of places on a given map.
- Work individually to find the direction and calculate the bearing of places on a topographical map. Learners should be conscious of resolving interpersonal conflicts with each other if they arise in group discussions.

Assessment (2.2.1.AS.3). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 3 Strategic reasoning.

Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Watch videos on map reduction and enlargement on mobile phones, computers/laptops.
- Printed topographical maps
- Topographical maps
- Calculator, thread, paper, measuring tape, etc.