Diseases and Disorders · SHS2 Biomedical Science

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.2.2.LI.1 - Explain how serious nervous system disorders impact quality of life.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define at least four serious nervous system disorders (cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury) and state the part of the nervous system each one damages.
Describe the common symptoms of these disorders, including paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain, and altered levels of consciousness.
Explain, using at least two examples, how damage to one part of the nervous system disrupts normal function in other body systems such as the muscular, respiratory, and digestive systems.
Analyse how living with a nervous system disorder affects a person’s daily activities, independence, relationships, and emotional wellbeing.
Propose at least three practical ways families, communities, and health workers in Ghana can support people living with nervous system disorders and improve their quality of life.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Human Body Systems (Strand 2)
Sub-strand: Diseases and Disorders (2.2)
Content standard: 2.2.2.CS.1 - Apply knowledge of human body systems to indicate how damage to one system can impact function in another system. 2.2.2.LO.1 Describe how malfunctions the nervous and endocrine systems affect other body systems and lifestyle. 2.2.2.LO.2 Understand how the structure of bacteria and virus dictates treatment protocols, concept of immune response and the impact of infections the society.
Indicator: 2.2.2.LI.1 - Explain how serious nervous system disorders impact quality of life.
Suggested placement: Semester 1, Week 15 (Week 15 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 64

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Managing Talk for Learning: With the aid of pictures and videos, learners discuss conditions, diseases, and injuries that can cause nervous system problems (cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, vascular disorders, injuries, especially injuries to the head and spinal cord, etc.).
Project-Based Learning: Learners work in groups, referring to appropriate literature and engaging in community interactions (experiences) to enumerate diseases and injuries that can cause structural, biochemical, or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, or other nerves and the resulting symptoms (paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain, altered levels of consciousness, etc.).
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Projector
- Anatomical model
- Pictures
- Charts sample blood sugar tests
- Glucometer
- Anatomical models
- Pictures
- Charts
Assessment (2.2.2.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 1 Recall; Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 3 Strategic reasoning.