Bonding · SHS1 Chemistry

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.2.2.LI.2 - Explain covalent bonding, its formation and state the properties of covalent compounds

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define covalent bonding as the sharing of valence electrons between two nonmetal atoms and draw electron dot structures to illustrate the formation of simple (H₂), dative (NH₄⁺) and polar (HF) covalent bonds.
Distinguish between simple covalent, dative (co-ordinate) and polar covalent bonds, giving one example of each.
Predict the type of bond (ionic, polar covalent or non-polar covalent) that will form between two atoms using the electronegativity difference between them.
Explain the terms polarization, polarizability, polarizing power, ionic character and covalent character, and state at least two factors that introduce ionic character into covalent bonds.
State at least four characteristic properties of covalent compounds and explain these properties in terms of the weak intermolecular forces between molecules.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Systematic Chemistry of the Elements (Strand 2)
Sub-strand: Bonding (2.2)
Content standard: 1.2.2.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understand of the formation and properties of inter-atomic bonding. 1.2.2.LO.1 Predict and explain ionic, covalent and metallic bonding as well as their characteristic properties. 1.2.2.LO.2 Predict and describe the type of intermolecular bonds that will be formed between a group of compounds
Indicator: 1.2.2.LI.2 - Explain covalent bonding, its formation and state the properties of covalent compounds
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 12 (Week 32 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 50

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Talk for Learning:
- Review the previous knowledge on covalent bonding from the JHS curriculum through a class discussion.
- Identify and distinguish between the types of covalent bonds (simple covalent, dative or co-ordinate and polar covalent bonds).
Exploratory Learning:
- Using atomic models, explain the formation of covalent bonds between different nonmetals.
- Use electron dot structures or models to illustrate the formation of simple (H ), dative 2 (NH ) and polar (HF) covalent bonds. 4+
Initiate Talk for Learning:
- In groups, discuss and explain the following terms polarization, polarizability, polarizing power, ionic character and covalent character then state the factors that introduce ionic character in covalent bonds.
- Predict bond type in terms of electronegativity difference between atoms.
- Discuss the properties of covalent compounds.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- WEBSITES * https://study.com/academy/lesson/cation-definition-examples-quiz.html atomic models, https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class-10-chemistry-india/x87dd2847d57ee419:in-in-metals-and-non- metals/x87dd2847d57ee419:in-in-metals-reacting-with-nonmetals/v/ionic-bonds-reaction-of-metals-non-metals-metals- and-non-metals-chemistry-khan-academy * atomic models, diagrams https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class-10-chemistry-india/x87dd2847d57ee419:in- in-carbon-and-its-compounds-coming-soon/x87dd2847d57ee419:in-in-bonding-in-carbon-covalent-bond/v/covalent- bond-and-lewis-dot-structure-h2o-co2-chemistry-khan-academy
- CHARTS * Chart on ionic, covalent and metallic bonds
- diagrams
Assessment (1.2.2.AS.2). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 3 Strategic reasoning.