Biosafety · SHS1 Biomedical Science

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.1.2.LI.2 - Explain the routes of exposure of pathogens to humans.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Identify and describe the four main routes of pathogen exposure: direct contact, inhalation, ingestion, and inoculation.
Demonstrate through a hands-on activity how pathogens can be transferred from person to person and to surfaces.
Explain, using real-life examples, how each route of exposure leads to infection in humans.
Create a mind map showing the routes of exposure and examples of diseases associated with each route.
Evaluate scenarios and determine which route of exposure is most likely responsible for an infection.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Biomedical Science in Society (Strand 1)
Sub-strand: Biosafety (1.2)
Content standard: 1.1.2.CS.1 - Demonstrate an understanding of biohazards and analyse their routes of exposure. 1.1.2.LO.1 Describe various biohazards critically analyse their routes exposure.
Indicator: 1.1.2.LI.2 - Explain the routes of exposure of pathogens to humans.
Suggested placement: Semester 1, Week 7 (Week 7 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 29

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Demonstrative Learning: Ask volunteers to apply a dye or coloured powder on bare hands and shake hands with different people to demonstrate how pathogens spread.
Structuring Talk for Learning: Brainstorm on how humans are exposed to pathogens, for example through direct contact, inhalation, ingestion, and inoculation.
Collaborative Learning: Work in pairs to create mind maps on ways humans are exposed to pathogens.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Flashcards
- Pictures
- Glo germ/dye/coloured Sticky Notes/Flip charts
- Standards and regulatory documents
- powder
- Chart
- Picture Video
- Chart
- Computer
Assessment (1.1.2.AS.2). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 3 Strategic reasoning.