Analogue Electronics · SHS1 Physics

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.3.3.LI.1 - Describe the formation of the two types of semiconductors: n-type and p-type.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Recall the differences between conductors, insulators, and semiconductors using Band Theory, and explain where semiconductors fit in terms of energy gaps.
Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, giving at least one distinguishing feature for each.
Describe the formation of an n-type semiconductor when silicon is doped with a pentavalent atom (for example, phosphorus), including the role of the free electron.
Describe the formation of a p-type semiconductor when silicon is doped with a trivalent atom (for example, boron), including the role of the hole.
Identify real-life devices made from n-type and p-type semiconductors, such as LEDs and Zener diodes, and connect their structure to the function they perform.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Electric Field, Magnetic Field and Electronics (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Analogue Electronics (3.3)
Content standard: 1.3.3.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the development and functions of diodes 1.3.3.LO.1 Explain the basics of semiconductor structure and working principles and their applications in LEDs and Zener diodes.
Indicator: 1.3.3.LI.1 - Describe the formation of the two types of semiconductors: n-type and p-type.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 11 (Week 31 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 72

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Concept/Mind Mapping:
- Learners recall the differences between conductors, insulators and semiconductors from Electrostatics and compare with differences using Band Theory. Learners present their observations through Class discussions.
- Learners differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
- Learners describe the formation of the n-type and p-type semiconductors from pentavalent and trivalent atoms respectively.
Provide equitable access to physics resources, equipment, technology, and opportunities for hands-on experiments or projects, ensuring all learners have equal access to Learning resources and experiences.
Assessment (1.3.3.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 1 Recall.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Videos
- Interactive simulations
- Flash cards
- LEDs,
- Zener diodes