SHS1 Agriculture · Semester 2 Week 12: Health Issues in Animal Production

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.4.2.LI.1 - Explain the meaning and importance of farm hygiene and sanitation and its effect on animal production.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define farm hygiene and sanitation in animal production in their own words, giving at least two examples of hygienic practices on an animal farm.
Explain at least three reasons why farm hygiene and sanitation are important in animal production, using specific examples from poultry, piggery, or cattle farming.
Identify at least four sources of contamination on an animal farm and describe how each source can introduce disease to animals.
Analyse the effects of poor hygiene and sanitation on animal production, including effects on animal health, productivity, and farm profit.
Assess a farm scenario and predict the likely consequences of poor sanitation practices, justifying their reasoning with evidence from the lesson.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Agriculture, Health and Environment (Strand 4)
Sub-strand: Health Issues in Animal Production (4.2)
Content standard: 1.4.2.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge, understanding and skills of basic farm hygiene and sanitation in animal production. 1.4.2.LO.1 Use the knowledge and skills acquired to improve animal production activities.
Indicator: 1.4.2.LI.1 - Explain the meaning and importance of farm hygiene and sanitation and its effect on animal production.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 12 (Week 32 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 91

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Initiating talk for learning: Learners into ability groups (where applicable) to brainstorm to come up with the meaning of farm hygiene and sanitation in animal production. Provide clues and leading questions to guide learners with difficulty in coming out with the meaning of farm hygiene in animal production.
Experiential learning: learners in gender-based groups visit a nearby animal farm to observe and take part in some of the activities to maintain farm hygiene or watch videos/pictures recording/pictures of the farm environment and activities and procedures that are carried out on the farm. Learners should be encouraged to fully participate in the activities. Learners should observe all safety protocols to prevent any injuries on the farm. Learners with hearing or sight problems should be assisted by placing them at a vantage place to aid seeing and hearing. Challenge learners with better understanding to delve deeper to give further understanding.
Collaborative learning: Learners in mixed-gender groups discuss the sources of contamination on the animal farm and write a report for plenary presentation in class. Let the talented learners lead the group discussions to allow learners with difficulty to draw inspiration from them. Use pictures and leading questions to guide learners with difficulty in identifying the sources of contamination.
Initiating talk for learning: Learners in mixed-ability groups discuss the importance of farm hygiene and sanitation activities at the farm site and during the various management practices in animal production. Ensure that all learners actively participate in the discussions. Use probing questions to guide learners with difficulty in coming up with the importance of maintaining farm hygiene in animal production. Challenge talented learners to explain their ideas.
Initiating talk for learning: Learners in mixed-gender groups to discuss the effects of poor hygiene on animal production. Show pictures of poorly managed farms with animals showing signs and symptoms of diseases caused by poor hygienic conditions and ask learners to assess the effects of poor hygienic conditions on farm animals. Use leading questions to help elicit responses from learners with difficulties. Capable learners should be encouraged to provide further explanations and examples of the effect of poor sanitation on animal production.
Assessment (1.4.2.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 3 Strategic reasoning.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Videos/pictures on the farm environment and activities and procedures that are carried out on the animal farm
- Realia (brushes, brooms, rakes, disinfectants)
- Pictures of chemicals and tools for undertaking farm hygiene and sanitation activities at the animal farm
- Video/pictures on farm hygiene and sanitation activities at the animal farm and during the management practices in animal production
- Tools, equipment and chemicals for undertaking hygiene and sanitation activities at the animal farm site and during the various management practices in animal production