SHS2 Biomedical Science · Semester 1 Week 20: Diseases and Disorders

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 2.2.2.LI.1 - Identify the structural differences between bacteria and viruses.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Describe the key structural features of a typical bacterium, including the cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and genetic material.
Describe the key structural features of a typical virus, including the protein capsid, genetic material, and optional envelope.
Compare and contrast bacteria and viruses using a table that organises differences in size, cellular organisation, reproduction, and living characteristics.
Classify at least three common diseases in Ghana as either bacterial or viral based on the causative agent’s structure.
Construct labelled diagrams of a bacterium and a virus particle, accurately showing their distinguishing structural parts.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Human Body Systems (Strand 2)
Sub-strand: Diseases and Disorders (2.2)
Content standard: 2.2.2.CS.2 - Demonstrate knowledge of bacteria and viruses as causative agents of infectious diseases. 2.2.2.LO.1 Describe how malfunctions the nervous and endocrine systems affect other body systems and lifestyle. 2.2.2.LO.2 Understand how the structure of bacteria and virus dictates treatment protocols, concept of immune response and the impact of infections the society.
Indicator: 2.2.2.LI.1 - Identify the structural differences between bacteria and viruses.
Suggested placement: Semester 1, Week 20 (Week 20 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 66

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Project-Based Learning: Learners observe specimens of bacteria and viruses in videos or glass slides, and document the structural differences between bacteria and videos. The learners then produce models/drawings of a specified bacterium and a virus particle. Using appropriate literature, learners investigate the treatment protocols for bacterial and viral diseases. Learners present their findings to the class and receive feedback.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Videos
- Stained slides
- Pictures
- Charts
- Projector
Assessment (2.2.2.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 1 Recall; Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 3 Strategic reasoning; Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.