SHS1 Chemistry · Semester 2 Week 17: Characteriszation of Organic Compounds

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.3.1.LI.2 - Design and perform experiment to test for the presence and mass composition of carbon, hydrogen, sulphur, nitrogen and halogens in organic compounds.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Design a step-by-step procedure to test for the presence of carbon and hydrogen in an organic compound using the copper(II) oxide test.
Perform the sodium fusion (Lassaigne’s) test to detect the presence of nitrogen, sulphur and halogens in a given organic compound, and correctly identify the coloured precipitates formed.
Calculate the percentage composition of carbon, hydrogen and halogens in an organic compound from given experimental data (secondary data).
Use percentage composition data to determine the empirical formula of a simple organic compound.
Justify, with reasoning, the choice of a particular analytical test for a given element based on the chemical principles involved.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Chemistry of Carbon Compounds (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Characteriszation of Organic Compounds (3.1)
Content standard: 1.3.1.CS.1 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the general processes involved in qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of organic compound. 1.3.1.LO.1 Apply the knowledge and understanding in science to describe qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of organic compound.
Indicator: 1.3.1.LI.2 - Design and perform experiment to test for the presence and mass composition of carbon, hydrogen, sulphur, nitrogen and halogens in organic compounds.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 17 (Week 37 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 55

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Experiential Learning: In small mixed-ability groups, design and conduct experiments to test for the presence of carbon, hydrogen, sulphur, nitrogen and halogens in organic compounds.
Inquiry-Based Learning:
- Describe how the mass of elements (C, H, X) is obtained.
- Perform calculations involving percentage composition using secondary data and review the calculation of empirical and molecular formulae.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- * Virtual laboratory can be used, laptop, smart phone, video * Materials: fractionating column, Liebig condenser, round bottom flask, adapter, conical flask; water mixture, powdered charcoal, stirrer/hotplate and liquid paraffin Chromatography: beaker, capillary tube, cardboard, glass or other green plant, ethanol for pigment extract, petroleum to use as eluant * Test tubes, Bunsen burner, metal tong, pestle, mortar, gauze, filter paper, funnel, protective * Organic compounds containing N, S, and halogens, sodium metal, dil NaOH, dil H SO , HNO sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (II).
- thermometer, ethanol- chromatography paper, ether: propanone mixture
- cloth and eye google , dil AgNO , FeSO , FeCl , 2 4 3
- 3
- 4 3
Assessment (1.3.1.AS.2). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.