SHS1 Chemistry · Semester 2 Week 14: Bonding

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 1.2.2.LI.1 - Describe the types of intermolecular forces and explain how they arise from the structural features of molecules.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Define intermolecular forces and distinguish them from intramolecular bonds (ionic, covalent, metallic) studied in Weeks 11 to 13.
Describe the three main types of intermolecular forces: London dispersion forces (induced dipole-induced dipole), dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding.
Explain how each type of intermolecular force arises from the structural features of molecules, including molecular size, number of electrons, electronegativity, and molecular shape.
Predict the dominant intermolecular force in a given compound based on its structural features.
Deduce the relative strengths of intermolecular forces and relate them to physical properties such as boiling point, using data charts (halogens and hydrides of Groups 15, 16, and 17).

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Curriculum details

Strand: Systematic Chemistry of the Elements (Strand 2)
Sub-strand: Bonding (2.2)
Content standard: 1.2.2.CS.2 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding that, the type of chemical bond in a compound determines the physical and chemical properties of that compound. 1.2.2.LO.1 Predict and explain ionic, covalent and metallic bonding as well as their characteristic properties. 1.2.2.LO.2 Predict and describe the type of intermolecular bonds that will be formed between a group of compounds
Indicator: 1.2.2.LI.1 - Describe the types of intermolecular forces and explain how they arise from the structural features of molecules.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 14 (Week 34 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 52

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Talk for Learning:
- With the aid of charts, models or other resources, identify the different types of intermolecular forces found in compounds (ionic and covalent compounds). Note: Ionic compounds are linked by inter-ionic or electrostatic forces
- Watch a video or use a chart to reinforce the types of intermolecular forces in molecules.
Collaborative Learning: Using think-pair-share,
- Deduce and describe: a. Dipole-dipole type of Van der Waal's forces. b. Induced-dipole-induced-dipole type of Van der Waal's forces.
- Using charts of molecular mass (molecular size, number of electrons per molecule) of the halogens and their boiling points, deduce and explain the factors that affect the strength of Van der Waal's forces of attraction.
- In pairs, and with the aid of charts or any other data, visualize and deduce the factors that affect the strength of hydrogen bond. a. Electronegativity and size of elements directly bonded to the hydrogen. b. Number of hydrogen bonds per molecule. c. Orientation of the hydrogen bond.
Teaching and Learning Materials:
- CHARTS * Chart illustrating the types of intermolecular bonds * Chart containing the trend of covalent compounds according to their physical properties * Charts of boiling points of hydrides of Group 15, 16 and 17 elements * Charts of boiling points of halogens Molecular models,
- * Table of NH , H O and HF
- WEBSITES * Https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSRiywp9v9w https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aH2IbYs_XjY
- 3 2
- and their boiling points
Assessment (1.2.2.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 3 Strategic reasoning.