SHS3 Physics · Semester 2 Week 10: Electromagnetic Induction & Applications

Lesson notes

Learning Objectives

Indicator: 3.3.3.LI.1 - Discuss the structure, uses and principle of operation of a transformer.

By the end of the lesson, learners can:

Identify and label the main parts of a transformer (primary coil, secondary coil, and laminated soft iron core) from a diagram or a real transformer.
Explain the principle of operation of a transformer using the concepts of mutual induction and the alternating current in the primary coil.
State and apply the transformer equation Vp/Vs = Np/Ns to calculate either the output voltage or the number of turns on a coil, given the other values.
Distinguish between step-up and step-down transformers by comparing the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils and their effect on voltage.
Explain why a transformer works with alternating current (a.c.) but not with direct current (d.c.), and state at least three everyday applications of transformers in Ghana.

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Curriculum details

Strand: Electric Field, Magnetic Field and Electronics (Strand 3)
Sub-strand: Electromagnetic Induction & Applications (3.3)
Content standard: 3.3.3.CS.3 - Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the principles of operation of transformers. 3.3.3.LO.3 Describe the structure, principle of operation and applications of a transformer.
Indicator: 3.3.3.LI.1 - Discuss the structure, uses and principle of operation of a transformer.
Suggested placement: Semester 2, Week 10 (Week 30 of the year)
Our suggestion, laid out in curriculum order across three terms of twelve weeks. NaCCA does not fix the week, so follow your school's scheme of learning.
Curriculum reference: NaCCA curriculum document, p. 188

Exemplars (from the NaCCA curriculum)

Experiential learning:
- Explain the structure of transformers and in mixed groups, perform experiments to understand how transformers work.
- Recall and describe the use of magnetic materials as cores of transformers
- Explain why transformers are used for alternating current and direct current
Ensure that the teaching materials, examples, and illustrations reflect diverse perspectives.
Assessment (3.3.3.AS.1). The document marks these depth-of-knowledge levels for this indicator: Level 1 Recall; Level 2 Skills of conceptual understanding; Level 4 Extended critical thinking and reasoning.
Teaching and Learning Resources:
- Audio-visuals
- Internet
- Projectors
- YouTube
- Interactive virtual laboratory
- Practical
- Reference laboratory books setup